PROCEDURES IN MAP MAKING AND ITS LIMITATIONS

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 PROCEDURE IN MAP MAKING The construction of a map involves the following important steps -
a) The cartographer has to make overall plan of a kind of map to be designed. The plan depends on what is intended to appear on the map about the area i.e. the plan can be design topographical map, Statistical map, Thematic map or cadastral map
(b) Collection of data from the area to be mapped. The nature of data to be collected depends on a type of map to be prepared For instance; if the plan is to prepare a topographical map, the cartographer would have to collect the general geographical details of both natural and artificial features present in the area Data can be collected by involving the following methods.
 Making of the field survey in the area.
 By examining the respective vertical aerial photographs.
 By examining the respective satellite images.
 Data can be delivered from the existing sources tike books and other maps.
c) Choice of a scale This has to take into consideration of both, size of the flat body of a sheet of paper and the size of the ground to be mapped The scale is determined by relating the corresponding measurements on distance between the map and ground.
d) Representation of the data or details on the map. The data can be represented by means of the conventional symbols, varied colours, varied shade textures, uniting the names of features or places and other important means.
e) The map should be given with the supportive details to make it well defined. These include, title, key, north directions, scale, date of compilation and others of the same importance.

LIMITATIONS IN MAP MAKING.
a) Determination of the map scale: by relating the corresponding distances between the map and ground The uses scale might has-e been assessed by using wrong measurements between the map and ground For instance: the surveyed ground distance to be related to map distance might have been subjected to errors accumulation.
b) Difficulties in cartographic representation. It is much based to the representation of the features on a map. The problem arise on the following
 What to be shown on a map regarding that, a map is selective in nature, i.e. It is more difficult to make all details appear on a map.
 Representation of the data of the map by inserting the name of the features, conventional signs and symbols, colors and shades. All these require high skill
 Dynamism problem. Areas mapped subjected to changes. This makes maps appear outdated. Moreover; it becomes much difficult to update the map.
 It becomes much difficult fen all features maintained on a constant scale of the map
c) Human problems
(i) technology
The designing of maps requires higher technology. This makes most of the maps designed manually and become not exactly accurate
(ii) Financial problems
The making of a map is an expensive process. This makes maps not recurrently produced.
(iii) Poor communication This greatly hinders the process of data collection in areas that would be mapped


essentials or basic elements of the map........................

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